This volume focuses on issues of vital interest in environmental policy making. Knowledge is needed about the impacts of economic processes on the environment and vice versa; people's preferences regarding the environmental quality (including the availability of (non)renewable natural resources) must be known; and knowledge concerning the effectiveness and efficiency of the available policy instruments is essential. These issues are dealt with in various contributions on environmental-economic modelling, valuation of the environment, the design of environmental policies and the economic consequences of environmental policy.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1;Front Cover;1 2;Environmental Policy and the Economy;4 3;Copyright Page;5 4;Table of Contents;14 5;Preface;8 6;List of Contributors;10 7;Chapter 1. Environmental Policy and the Economy: An Introduction;16 7.1;1 Increasing Concern for Environmental Quality;16 7.2;2 Outline of the Volume;18 7.3;3 Issues for Further Research;29 7.4;References;31 8;PART I: ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC MODELLING;32 8.1;CHAPTER 2. THREE DECADES OF ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMICMODELLING: ECONOMIC MODELS OF POLLUTANT EMISSIONS;34 8.1.1;1 Introduction;34 8.1.2;2 Economy-Environment: A Systems Description 1;36 8.1.3;3 Economy-Emissions Models Based onInput-Output Analysis;38 8.1.4;4 Economy-Emissions Models Based on Materials Balances;44 8.1.5;5 Economy-Emissions Models Based on KLEM Production Functions;46 8.1.6;6 Integrative Economy-Emissions Models 2;47 8.1.7;7 Conclusions;56 8.2;CHAPTER 3. OPTIMAL GROWTH WITH STOCK POLLUTION;62 8.2.1;1 Introduction;62 8.2.2;2 The Model;64 8.2.3;3 The Existence and Uniqueness of the Steady State;66 8.2.4;4 Dynamic Properties of the Steady State;69 8.2.5;5 Summary and Conclusions;71 8.2.6;References;74 8.3;CHAPTER 4. AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE AND CAUSES OF THE WEALTH OF PLANET EARTH;76 8.3.1;1 Introduction;76 8.3.2;2 The Model 1;77 8.3.3;3 Brundtland Sustainability;82 8.3.4;4 Conclusions;84 8.3.5;References;88 9;PART II: VALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT;90 9.1;CHAPTER 5. PREFERENCE LEARNING AND CONTINGENT VALUATION METHODS;92 9.1.1;1 Introduction;92 9.1.2;2 Preference Learning;94 9.1.3;3 Experimental Design and Procedures;98 9.1.4;4 Experimental Results;101 9.1.5;5 Summary and Conclusions;104 9.1.6;References;106 9.2;CHAPTER 6. THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF WILDERNESS AREAS: AN APPLICATION TO THE KRUTILLA-FISHER MODEL TO SCOTLAND'S 'FLOW COUNTRY;110 9.2.1;1 Introduction;110 9.2.2;2 The Krutilla-Fisher Model;111 9.2.3;3 The Ecology of the Flow Country and the Problems of Afforestation;113 9.2.4;4 The Institutional Setting;118 9.2.5;5 The Contingent Valuation Survey;120 9.2.6;6 Ap
plying the Krutilla-Fisher Model;127 9.2.7;7 Conclusions;129 9.2.8;References;130 9.3;CHAPTER 7. ECOLOGICAL PERCEPTION AND DISTRIBUTIONAL CONFLICTS : A HISTORICAL VIEW;132 9.3.1;1 Some Limits of Ecological Rationality;132 9.3.2;2 Energy and the Economy: A Historical View;134 9.3.3;3 Raubwirtschaft, a Concept of Ecological Geography;138 9.3.4;4 Incommensurable Externalities;139 9.3.5;5 Ecological Economics and Marxism: A Post Mortem?;142 9.3.6;6 Positional Goods and Fordism in the Periphery;147 9.3.7;7 A Political Conclusion;149 9.3.8;References;150 10;PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY;154 10.1;CHAPTER 8. POLITICAL ECONOMY ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS;156 10.1.1;1 Introduction;156 10.1.2;2 Environmental Policy as Economic Policy;157 10.1.3;3 The Playground Environmental Policy;159 10.1.4;4 Rent Seeking in the Framework of Environmental Policy;160 10.1.5;5 Conclusions;164 10.1.6;References;164 10.2;CHAPTER 9. LEGAL ASPECTS OF MARKETABLE POLLUTION PERMITS;166 10.2.1;1 Introduction;166 10.2.2;2 Objectives of this Paper;168 10.2.3;3 The Concept of a Permit Market;169 10.2.4;4 Juridical Principles for Regulation;170 10.2.5;5 Some Important Legal Aspects with Regard to the Design of a Permit Market;171 10.2.6;6 Provisions to Make the Market Work;177 10.2.7;7 Conclusions;178 10.2.8;References;179 10.3;CHAPTER 10. THE FIRM AS AN ACTOR IN AN ECOLOGICAL ECONOMY;182 10.3.1;1 Introduction;182 10.3.2;2 The Firm as a Maximising Machine in a Closed System: The Neoclassical View;183 10.3.3;3 The Firm as an Organisation in an Ecological Economy: An Evolutionary Approach;189 10.3.4;4 The Firm as an Element of Evolutionary Internalisation;198 10.3.5;5 Conclusions;208 10.3.6;References;208 11;PART IV: ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY;210 11.1;CHAPTER 11. CARBON TAXES AND THE UK MANUFACTURING SECTOR;212 11.1.1;1 Introduction;212 11.1.2;2 Background Literature;214 11.1.3;3 The Model;216 11.1.4;4 Description of Simulations;224 11.1.5;5 Conclusions;248 11.1.6;Refere
nces;253 11.2;CHAPTER 12. CONSEQUENCES OF AMMONIA EMISSION ABATEMENT POLICIES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE IN THE NETHERLANDS;256 11.2.1;1 Introduction;256 11.2.2;2 Nitrogen Flows and Policy Proposals;259 11.2.3;3 The Economic Model;269 11.2.4;4 Simulation Results;285 11.2.5;5 Final Remarks and Conclusions;293 11.2.6;References;293 11.3;CHAPTER 13. INNOVATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: THE CASE OF EC AND US AGRICULTURE;296 11.3.1;1 Introduction;296 11.3.2;2 The Model;298 11.3.3;3 Parameter Values and Data Sources;303 11.3.4;4 Effects of Technical Change;305 11.3.5;5 Conclusions;311 11.3.6;References;312 11.4;CHAPTER 14. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INSINGLE-PRODUCT AND JOINT PRODUCTION INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS;314 11.4.1;1 Introduction;314 11.4.2;2 Leontief's Extended System;315 11.4.3;3 A New System;323 11.4.4;4 The Commodity-By-Industry Accounts;330 11.4.5;5 A New Commodity-By-Industry System;337 11.4.6;6 Summary;340 12;INDEX;344
