Endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) stand as a novel type of newly emerged metal-carbon hybrid molecules and occupy an important position in the family of nanocarbon materials. Research on EMFs has increased dramatically during the last 10-15 years. This area is now ready for a systematic and up-to-date summary. This book presents the most advanced review on all aspects of EMFs, including the generation, extraction, isolation, structural issues, theories, intrinsic properties, chemical behaviors, and potential applications, ending with a perspective on the field's future directions.