Leigh Douglass Brackett (December 7, 1915 - March 18, 1978) was a science fiction author renowned as "the Queen of Space Opera." She also wrote screenplays such as The Big Sleep (1946), Rio Bravo (1959), with The Long Goodbye (1973). She worked on an early draft of The Empire Strikes Back (1980), some of which was reused in the film; she died before it was completed. Her novel The Long Tomorrow made her the first woman ever shortlisted for the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1956, and she was one of the first two women ever nominated for a Hugo Award, along with C. L. Moore. She was awarded a Retro Hugo in 2020 for her novel The Nemesis from Terra, originally published as Shadow Over Mars (Startling Stories, Fall 1944). Leigh Brackett grew up in Los Angeles, California. Her father died when she was very young, and her mother never remarried. She was a "tall" and "athletic" tomboy. She went to a private girls' school in Santa Monica, California, where she participated in theater and started writing.